$ceil[]

The $ceil[] function returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to the given value. It always rounds up to the next integer.

Syntax

$ceil[value]

Parameters

Parameter	Type	Required	Description
value	number	Yes	The number to round up.

Behavior

• For a positive number: rounds up to the next integer if there is any decimal part. $ceil[3.1] → 4.
• For a negative number: rounds up toward zero (less negative). $ceil[-3.9] → -3.
• For an integer: returns the integer itself.

Examples

Positive number:

$ceil[3.1]
→ 4

$ceil[3.9]
→ 4

Negative number:

$ceil[-3.9]
→ -3

$ceil[-3.1]
→ -3

Integer:

$ceil[5]
→ 5

Comparison of floor / ceil / round

Value	$floor[]	$ceil[]	$round[]
3.2	3	4	3
3.5	3	4	4
3.9	3	4	4
-3.2	-4	-3	-3
-3.5	-4	-3	-3*

*The exact behavior of $round[] for values ending in .5 may depend on the implementation.

Notes

• The result is always an integer (in the form of a string).
• Useful when you need the “next integer,” for example, to calculate the number of pages needed.